Vehicle heating system



- Abram jJ. Fa LCHAIN/IAN Y VEHICLE YHE'ATING SYSTEM l I l Filed Aug.f2e,-19z3 2 rsneets-vsxwet `1 JAMES FT CHAPMAN NVENTOE April 14, 1936.

J. F. CHAPMAN VEHICLE HEATING SYSTEM Filed Aug. 26, -1935 sheets-sheet 2 mvENToE JAMES F. CHAPMAN ATTORNEY peraturel Patented Apr. 14,' 1936 aoaset i vaincueHEATING. SYSTEM n n l James F. Chapman, Upper Darby, Pa., assignento n f A I American rCarzand Foundry Motors Company,

, New York, lN..Y.a corporation ofDelawara nppucationnugust ze, iesa'serial19.686.897 n I The invention relates generally to heating systemsand more particularlyk to hea-tingfsystems e for vehicles. 1

It islalso anobjeot ofthe invention to "provide forv directing currents of heated air to predeter' mined parts ol the,l vehicle?, to perform; specific'k Y functions@ The invention accordingly is disolosedfinv the l embodiment thereof shown rin the., accompanying drawings andjcomprises the features of construc-d n tion,rc `ombinationj of elements', and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the con' v struction hereinafter set Iforth and the scope of the application of which will be indicated inA they claims.

For a fuller-'understanding of the nature and f objects of theinvention, reference "should behad fto"thegfkollowingf detailedl description ,takenl infI connection with the accompanying' drawings; inf#V which ,n l

Figurey l isa view inside elevation of the front t ofav vehicle withjftheframe' cutaway to show a l heating system constructed. inaccordance with ythis invention; f f. j

', Figure 2 is a view in side elevation showing t doors for controlling the lflow "of air- =from the n heating system. t

Figure 3 is a view'in verticalse'ction of a latch for v'retaining a door in a predetermined position.r

tributed through the vehicle bycon'vection.

Figure 5 is avview in cross-section* of a vehicle showing diagrammatically'the paths taken by the currents of air as the heat is distributed and 'Figure 6 is a'view incrossfs/ection of a vehicle," provided with racks in the top ,showing diagrammatically how the* heated airis' distributed to heat the vehicle. I 'e i Referring now to thedra'.wings,` and Figure 1 in particular, the forward end oi the motor/vehicle illustrated.comprises a frame ,I0 carrying a radiator I I oi anywell known type suitable for service in a water cooling system for an internal com-'- bustion engine.v

y 'I'heradiatorissetback of a grating I2 'in accordance with standard practice.

. As'illustrated' the radiator is connected? into i the waterfc'oolingsystem bypipe's I 3gan`dqI-ILQ` v'I'he water is delivered totheradiator' through the pipe I3 and manifold I5 whichis provided to distribute i n Lthe water and is returned to the engine through :pipeMVd ,l t

' In accordancewith' s'tandardpracticaa rnotordriven fan I5 is provided to cooperatein circulat` ing air through the radiator I I. 'I'helfan` is locatedf directly backl'of'the radiator II to draw air inwardly anddischarge it inthe direction of the vehicle;

Insidethe vehicle a housing or partitionis-tproy "vided" which separates'fthe mechanical parts from the remainder of .the 4vehicles `This partition comprises the'dash I1`-'and deck-i|-8 which i extends forward fromy the'dash tothe' windshieldlzl. n

- iIt has beenioundthat airdischarged directly yfrom the radiator'ofA the water cooling. system is not satisfactoryfor heating the' vehicleizq However, heatisabsorbedby the air whicherlows through radiator-fl I and this preheated iair'may r`be employed in heating the. vehicle.- In .cooling systems provided .with the conventional typev ofr `thermostatically controlled` shutters;l :thegyolume -,-of airlflowingthrough thev radiator Ifltmaychange 4considerably with changesrin. vatmospheric .con-f vditions but thev temperature to Whichitis heated jis always substantially :the same.

In order tov raise or control thextemperature of .the aircirculatedthrough the radiator of.: the

conventional cooling systemtasecond orauxiliary radiator 20 is provided. vAs shown in Figure 41 the auxiliary radiatorfis connected intheconventional water coolingsysteminparallel relae tion with the water cooling radiator II,v both rbeing disposed to receive water directlyA 4from the Figure 4 is alViewinlongitudinalsection of a y vehicle showingA diagramniatically'tnepaths followed by the currentsof alras theheat is disengine. l. 1

The radiator Mis-mounted onthergdash`A Il exterior of the passenger compartmentffadjacent to,and noarly'in line with thetop portion. of the vradiator I`I in'order to receive `ireshhuncontaminated air directly from the main radiator. door 2l hinged tothe dash along its lower horlzontal edge is provided in alignment with the ra- V diator 2D to admitair toi-the vehicle. VAny, suitable meansV may be employedpfor supporting the door ZI at different predetermined angles to the vertical, and in the embodiment illustrated a chain 22 enter the vehicle. A latch 30 is provided on the dash II for locking the door 2| closed.

The flow of water to the auxiliaryradiator 20 may be controlled by any suitable type of valve. In` the preferred embodiment two valves 23 and 24 are employed. 'I'he valve 23 is disposed in the connection between the pipe I3 and the radiator 20, while the valve 24 is in the connection between the radiator 20 Y to the engine to be cooled.- The engine may be of any conventional type and is not illustrated in the interest of simplicity in the drawings. As shown, the valve 24 is located near the pipe I4. The placing of valves 23 and 24 near the pipes' I3 and I4 of the cooling systemV assures that there are no pockets inwhi'ch hot water Vmay collect when the radiator 20 is isolated from the conventional water cooling system in hot weather.,

When it is desired to utilize the auxiliary radiator 20 for heating purposes, the valves 23 and 24 are opened. 'I'he extent to which these valves are opened will depend on the atmospheric vconditions and the temperature to which the air discharged `into the vehicle should be heated in order `to raise the temperature in the vehicle to the proper degree for the comfort of the passengers. The temperature in the vehicle may also be regulated by controlling the volume of air admitted to the vehicle through the doors 2 I and 25..

permit onlyl such transit through the main radiator I I toenter the passenger compartment while the opening of the i to the passenger compartment of the vehicle.

Assuming now that the door 2| in the dash I1 `v is open, and that the vehicle is in operation,

then a portion of the air drawn through the `radiator `II is forced directly through the auxiliary radiator 20. The air passing through the radiator II absorbs av certain amount of heat and may be said to be preheated, that is, its ternperature has been raised above that of the atmosphere. 'I'his preheated air passes directly into the auxiliary radiator without having -to pass through. any conduits and without absorbing any engine' fumes. The pure preheated air in passing through the` auxiliary radiator, which due to its connectionin the system is maintained at a high temperature, absorbs more heat and may be said to be superheated. In other words, the

heating of the air delivered to the vehicle is effected in two stages. l

The amount of heat delivered to the air as it passes through the auxiliaryradiator 20 will depend on the atmospheric conditions and the temperature at which the air is delivered. The range through which the temperature of the air is raised in the radiator 20, may be varied by adjusting the valves 23 and 24, which control the volume of water that flows through the radiator 20 directly from the engine. f

In such manner provision is made for heating a portion of the air circulating through the water cooling radiator to any desired temperature suitable for heating the vehicle under the existing atmospheric conditions. The adjusting of valves is a simple matter and may be taken care of by the driver of the vehicle. Access tothe valve 23 may be had through the door 25.

In order to directa current of air against the `andthe return pipe I4 leading Thus it will be seen that the opening of the door 25 will,y air as may be heated during rectly under the deck I8 in line with the forward end of the door 25. Openings 21 for receiving the latches 25 are provided in the side pieces carried by the door 25, one set of openings being provided in the side pieces near their lower edges, and the other pair near their upper edges. In

'fthis manner provision is made for latching the doorin either its open or closed position.v In order to make a door structure which is light in weight,-large openings 28 are cut in the side pieces of the door 25. These openings permit heated air to iiow laterally thus distributing theair over the windshield IB.

. When the windshield is being subjectedl to frosting, the door 25 is opened and warm air is directed againstit. The air used for heating' the windshield'is lirst drawn through the radiator II and then caused to` fiowupwardlyinto contact with pipe I2 leading directly from the'engine. When the air has been heated in this manner it is directed against the windshield by the door 25. This maintains theV temperature of the windshield sufilciently high to prevent frosting.

As shown in Figure 2, the door 2| associated with the radiator 20 is so located that the'hot air is not directed'against 'the driver. The door 25 ,'may be located lin the center of the vehicle since this manner Join the currents of heated air entering the vehicle through the door 2I andthe whole volume of air islv utilized for heating purposes.

It is well known that warm `air in a room or vehicle tends to rise to thetop. y'Ihereiore the currents of air delivered throughv the doors 2l add 25. rise to the top of the vehicle and now rearwardly along the top as illustrated by arrows in Figures 4 and `5.. Asthe volume of air in the top of the vehicle increases,k gently moving currents are caused to flow directly downwardly also in the direction of the arrows in Figure 4 and 5. These currents are evenly distributed throughout the vehicle and they effect an even controlled heating of the vehicle.

In cases such as illustrated in Figure 6, where the vehicle is provided with luggage racks 29, the direction of fiowfof the currents of air is substantially the same as illustrated in Figuresrfi and 5. A large volume of the heated airwill ilow in the space betwen the luggate racks and then downwardly. Air kwill also flow longitudinally of the vehicle beneath the luggage racks and then downwardly.

In the present heating system the air isheated diator fan I6 andthe pressure built up by the movement o f the vehicle.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters'Patent. is:

' 1. Ina motor vehicle, a passenger compartment and a radiator compartment, a wall separating said compartments and having spaced openings formed therein, means normally closing said openings, a heating system including a main radiator arranged at the front of said radiator comthe openings whereby operation of one of the closures to open position will permit air drawn through the main radiator to be directedv in a heated condition through one of the wall openings into the passenger compartment and the operation of the other closure to open position will permit air drawn through said main radiator to be forced into the passenger compartment through the auxiliary radiator and its associated opening.

2. In a motor vehicle, a passenger compartment and a radiator compartment, a wall separating said compartments and including substantially vertical and horizontal sections each formed with an opening therein, means normally closing said openings, a heating system including a main radiator arranged at the front of said radiator compartment, an auxiliary radiator positioned adjacent one oi. said openings and so `constructed and arranged as to conduct air through said opening into the passenger compartment, and a fan for drawing air through said main radiator positioned between the radiators and forwardly of the openings whereby opera'- directed in a heated condition through one of the wall openings into the passenger compart-k ment and the operation of the other closure to open position will permit air drawn through said main radiator to be forced into the passenger compartment through the auxiliary radiator and its associated opening.

3. In a motor vehicle, a passenger compartment and a 'radiator compartment, a wall separating said compartments and including substantially vertical and horizontal sections each formed with an opening therein, means normally closing said openings, "a heating system including a` main radiator arranged at the front of the radiator compartment, an auxiliary radiator positioned adjacent the opening formed in the vertical wall section and so constructed and arranged as to conduct air through said opening into the passenger compartment, and a fan for drawing V air through said main radiator positioned between the radiators and "forwardly of the openings whereby operation of one of the closures to open position will permit air drawn through the main radiator tol be directed in a heated condition y through the wall opening formed in the horizontal 

